The most effective method for treating anemia in patients with chronic kidney disease is replacement therapy with erythropoietin. In the present pharmacoeconomic research was made the evaluation of effectiveness and economic consequences of treating anemia with different types of recombinant human erythropoietin - shorter-acting rEPO-alfa (Eprex), rEPO-beta (Recormon) and a new continuous erythropoietin receptor activator Mircera in patients with chronic kidney disease on hemodialysis in Ukrainian. Pharmacoeconomic analysis was performed using the methods decision tree and cost minimization analysis. Data on the efficacy of rEPO were taken from randomized clinical trials MAXIMA, PROTOS and RUBRA. A result of analysis revealed that the substitution of shorter-acting ESAs treatment Mircera can reduce the average cost of treatment of anemia for patients on hemodialysis in 1.1-1.5 times per pacient.

There has been estimated the importance of usage of acute hemodialysis for renal insufficiency compensation during initial treatment periods in patients with acute renal insufficiency caused by total obstruction of the upper urinary tract.

Anemia – the most frequent and a precursory symptom of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and renal failure. Anemia is not only a common problem in uremia, but also represents an independent risk factor for cardiac morbidity and mortality in dialysis patients. The aim of this study was to evaluate the morphofunctional state of myocardium and its damages under influencing of amenia treatment by the erythropoiesis-stimulating agents in patients on maintenance hemodialysis. 30 patients were divided into 2 groups. The first group – 20 patients which treatment of methoxypolyethylene glycol-epoetin-ß and the second group – 10 patients which treatment of epoetin-a. After 6 months of treatment application of methoxypolyethylene glycol-epoetin-ß on efficiency didn’t concede epoetin-a and its use promoted achievement of target level Hb at 95 % in dialysis patients. Preparation introduction has provided once a month stable level of hemoglobin, with fluctuations more than 2 g/l from the value reached in a phase of correction. Methoxypolyethylene glycol-epoetin-ß has shown a good efficacy and safety for anemia correction. Moreover, methoxypolyethylene glycol-epoetin-ß exerts beneficial effects on haemodynamics in haemodialysis patients.

The peculiar distribution of HLA-A, B, DR antigens is shown in the patients having chronic kidneys diseases, glomerulonephritis, nephrotic syndrome (GN, NS) with the reserved function of kidneys and chronic renal failure. Thus, associated with GN, NS are ?23, 24, ?8, 38, 41, 44, DR1, 4, w52 in adults and ?21, 27, 38, 41, DR 4, 5 in children. The detected attributive risk to develop GN, NS in case the adults have ?24, ?8, DR 1, 4, w52 and children - DR5. The relative risk to develop chronic renal failure is in detection of HLA-10, 29, 30, 41, 51, DR4 in adults and ?28, 29, ?27, 40 in children; attributive risk - ? 10 and ?28, ?27, 40 accordingly.

Selective detoxication properties of extracorporal methods of detoxicationsi are shown in the article, eliminacionnye descriptions of the physiological system of kidney in regard to thallium and conclusions are done about expedience and efficiency of the use of different methods of therapy in treatment of acute thallium intoxication.

In the report 2 problems management patients with lupus nephritis are discussed. The great attention is paid treatment strategy with «puls»-therapy methylprednisolone and cyclophosphamide

We generalized the results of studies of antioxidant system of ceruloplasmin-transferrin (CP-Tr) in blood serum of the 67 patients with chronic renal disease treated by hemodialysis. The results were compared with the comorbidity index (CI). It was noted that the CI increase was accompanied by the increase in CP level, the drop of Tr level and statistical increase of their ratio that can be used to improve diagnostics and prognosis of a disease course.

Development of acute kidney injury (AKI) in cardiac surgery patients causes a rise of hospital mortality. This is an analysis of 106 cardiac surgery patients, who need renal replacement therapy (RRT) due to AKI. The presence of CKD stage III is the only one factor associated with statistically significant rise of relative risk of hospital death in 3,4 times in Cox regression model (?=0,029).

There is presented the state of the system on rendering specialized aid to nephrological adult patients, of the regional peculiarities of morbidity and outspread of renal pathology in Ukraine in 2010.

The purpose of the real research was a study of intercommunication of functional constipations in pregnant with frequency of development and clinical manifestation of pyelonephritis in the period of gestation. We inspection a 181 pregnant with functional constipations in combination with pyelonephritis and without such pathology. We exposed more high morbidity of pyelonephritis and severe clinical manifestation of this pathology in patients with functional disorders of intestine.

This Case history demonstrates the new approach to examining and supervision of patients.Currently it is reasonable to use the achievements of several sciences (medical genetic, internal medicine, biochemistry) for choice of rational policy of treatment.

In the last years peritoneal dialysis, as a method of renal replacement therapy, is becoming more popular. One of the main reasons of method inadequacy is decreasing ability to perform adequate ultrafiltration against a background of increasing of peritoneal transport. In case of endothelial dysfunction production of nitric oxide, reactivity and permeability of vessel wall are changing, what leads to changes in transport abilities of peritoneum and to the deterioration of kidney function. Ability of nebivolol and L-arginine-L-glutamate to correct endothelial dysfunction and to affect a state of microcirculation system, transport abilities of peritoneal membrane and residual kidney function in patients on peritoneal dialysis was discovered. Positive influence of combinations of nebivolol and L-arginine-L-glutamate on endothelial function and state of microcirculation and related to this decreasing permeability of peritoneal membrane for low molecular weight substances and improvement of residual kidney function was brought to light. Potentiation the corrective effect of nebivolol on endothelial dysfunction in patients with chronic kidney disease stage VD on peritoneal dialysis by L-arginine-L-glutamate was noted.

The review of experimental works and clini?al trials impact proinflammatory cytokines on anemia in patients on maintence hemodialysis.The presented information demonstrates influence of chronic inflamation in patients, on maintence hemodialysis,on a doses EPO, survival,mortality, frequency of hospitalization.

Recent evidence on the role of inflammation and proinflammatory factors in causing itching, suggest that uremic pruritus may be a systemic phenomenon, caused by the dysfunction of immune regulation indicators.